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Have a Better Look At Search Engines

Date Added: March 21, 2010 10:41:19 PM
Author: nactalia716
Category: Online Travel Information: Directories

A web search engine is a software program specially-designed to search for information on the Web. The search results are commonly called hits and are provided in the form of a list. The data may consist of web pages, images, data and other types of files. Some search tools also gather data available in databases or open directories. If compared with Web directories that are maintained by human editors, search tools work automatically or are a mixture of human and algorithmic input. Internet search engines function by storing information about numerous web pages which they retrieve from the INTERNET. These pages are retrieved by a web crawler, also known as a spider. It is an automated Web browser which follows every link it discovers. After that the content of each page is analyzed to determine how to index it. Words, for instance, are taken from titles, headings or special fields called meta tags. Data about web pages are stored in an index database for further use in queries. Some search engines, such as Google, save and store the entire or part of the source page (also called a cache) as well as information about web pages, whereas others, such as AltaVista, store every word of every page they find. The cached page always comprises the initial search text, since it is the one that was actually indexed. Therefore, it can be very helpful since it includes data that may no longer be found anywhere else on the Web. When a user types search words in the search field, the tool looks through its catalogue and shows a listing of the most suitable web pages in accordance with its criteria, normally with a brief summary containing the document's title and at times extracts from the text. Some search engines provide an advanced option called proximity search that allows users to determine the distance between search terms. The usefulness of a search engine hinges on the relevance of the result set it provides. Since there may be millions of web pages that contain a certain key word or phrase, web pages can be grouped into relevant and irrelevant ones. The majority of search engines apply techniques to grade the results to list the "best" results first. The way a search software programme ranks web pages is search engine-specific. The methods also alter in time, since the use of the Internet changes and new techniques emerge.
 
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